Asian Journal of Case Reports in Surgery

Study design:  Case Report.

Aims: Perforated sigmoid diverticulosis with abscess formation is a serious complication of diverticular disease, creating additional diagnostic and treatment challenges. In this case report, a 40 year old male patient experienced an uncommon occurrence of sigmoid diverticulosis perforation with abscess formation. The condition is associated with significant morbidity and mortality. Patients typically present with symptoms such as acute abdominal pain, fever, and signs of localised or generalised peritonitis. Diagnosing the condition early is essential and involves using a combination of imaging methods like computed tomography (CT) scans, lab tests, and clinical examination. These assessments can help assess the extent of the perforation and identify any abscesses that may be associated with it. The recurrence of the disease often corresponds to associated complications. The primary treatment consists of antibiotic therapy, abscess drainage, and surgical procedures in severe cases. Surgical options, which depend on the patient's clinical condition and the severity of the disease, range from laparoscopic lavage and drainage to sigmoid colectomy with or without a colostomy. Prophylactic sigmoid resection is recommended as the mainstay of treatment. Additional clinical studies are necessary to improve treatment protocols and outcomes for this complex surgical procedure.