Choroidal Melanoma with Cerebral Extension: A Case Report
Y.SAFOINE
Adult Ophthalmology Department, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, Hospital August 20, Ibn Rochd University Hospital, Casablanca, Morocco.
S.ELHACHIMI *
Adult Ophthalmology Department, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, Hospital August 20, Ibn Rochd University Hospital, Casablanca, Morocco.
A.HAMMOUCH
Adult Ophthalmology Department, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, Hospital August 20, Ibn Rochd University Hospital, Casablanca, Morocco.
M.A.BENTOUHAMI
Adult Ophthalmology Department, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, Hospital August 20, Ibn Rochd University Hospital, Casablanca, Morocco.
Y.HIDAN
Adult Ophthalmology Department, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, Hospital August 20, Ibn Rochd University Hospital, Casablanca, Morocco.
A.MCHACHI
Adult Ophthalmology Department, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, Hospital August 20, Ibn Rochd University Hospital, Casablanca, Morocco.
L.BENHMIDOUNE
Adult Ophthalmology Department, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, Hospital August 20, Ibn Rochd University Hospital, Casablanca, Morocco.
R.RACHID
Adult Ophthalmology Department, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, Hospital August 20, Ibn Rochd University Hospital, Casablanca, Morocco.
*Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.
Abstract
Choroidal melanoma is a rare and aggressive form of primary eye cancer originating from melanocytes in the choroid. Although the disease is infrequent, it can metastasize to distant organs, particularly the liver, lungs, and brain, with cerebral extension significantly worsening the prognosis. This article reviews the pathophysiology, clinical presentation, diagnosis, and treatment options for choroidal melanoma with cerebral metastasis. We report the case of a 30-year-old male who underwent enucleation for right eye choroidal melanoma five years ago, later developing brain metastasis, which was successfully treated with neurosurgery. Treatment strategies for choroidal melanoma with cerebral extension are multifaceted, including local treatment of ocular tumors and systemic approaches such as surgery, radiotherapy, chemotherapy, and immunotherapy. Despite treatment advances, the prognosis remains poor, underscoring the need for early detection and personalized, multidisciplinary management.
Keywords: Choroidal melanoma, intraocular tumor, neurosurgical intervention, melanocytes, enucleation